The text provided appears to be a comprehensive introduction to programming, covering various aspects such as what programming is, the components of a computer, types of programming languages, and examples of code in different languages. Here’s a breakdown of the key points:
- Introduction to Programming: The article starts by introducing the concept of programming, explaining that it involves writing instructions for a computer to perform specific tasks.
Computer Basics: It then delves into the basic components of a computer, including the CPU (Central Processing Unit), hardware, and software. The CPU is described as the brain of the computer, responsible for accepting data, providing temporary memory, performing logical operations, and processing data into information.
Programming Languages: The article explains that computers only understand binary language (machine language) but programmers write code in high-level languages like C, C++, Java, Python, etc., which are closer to human languages. These high-level languages need to be translated into machine language for the computer to execute them.
Example Code: An example of a simple program is provided, which prints “hello world! I am learning programming” on the console screen. This example is used to illustrate how programming works, introducing functions like
main(),clrscr(),printf(), andgetch().Language Hierarchy: The article touches on the hierarchy of computer languages, mentioning machine language, assembly languages (symbolic machine code), and high-level languages. It explains that assembly languages are specific to computer architecture and require an assembler to convert them into executable machine code, while high-level languages are portable but need interpretation or compilation.
Characteristics and Types of Programming Languages: The text lists various popular programming languages and discusses the characteristics of a programming language, though this part seems incomplete in the provided excerpt.
Code Examples in Different Languages: Towards the end, it mentions providing basic code examples for adding two numbers in several popular programming languages (C, C++, Java, Python, C#, JavaScript), but these examples are not included in the text you’ve shared.
Learning Programming: The article concludes with a motivational message about learning programming, mentioning a “Three 90 Challenge” that promises a refund if certain conditions are met, encouraging readers to start their programming journey.
In summary, this article serves as an introductory guide to programming, aiming to educate readers on the fundamentals of computers, programming languages, and the process of writing code. It encourages readers to embark on learning programming, highlighting the potential benefits and challenges of this field.